Toaw Scenario: Middle East 56

Sinai,
October 29, 1956,

Israelian army of 74 units opposed to Egyptian army of 122 units
for a battle of complexity 1.07 at Company(I) level
on a 2.5 Km/Hex map
for 50 turns of 6 Hours each.

by James D Burns submited on 18-12-2002

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Briefing
* OPERATION KADESH * Israel's 1956 suprise invasion against Egypt in the Sinai Peninsula. Date: Oct. 29 - Nov. 10th 1956 Location: Sinai Desert Map scale: 2.5km per hex Time scale: 6 hours per turn Unit scale: I - III Number of turns: 32 or 50 Best played as: Israel vs the PO Unit Colors: Israel - white on light blue France - blue on blue Egypt - white on tan Palestine - blue on tan SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: Israel's units will be released according to General Moshe Dayan's Operation Kadesh plan which attempted to fool the Egyptians into thinking the small initial attack was just another border raid. In the actual fight, Egypt ordered a complete withdrawl after the Anglo-French airstrikes. Instead of doing this, most Egyptian units are set to Garrison mode to simulate the shocked command structure and general unwillingness to fight. This also prevents the scenario from being too easy. If Anglo-French forces land at Port Said on 6 Nov. 1956 first AM turn, the scenario ends. There is a chance the Anglo-French invasion forces will withdraw early from the theatre and leave Israel alone to fight the Egyptians. If this occurs, the game ends after 50 turns, and Egyptian reinforcements will enter play. If Israel violates the ultimatum line the scenario ends and Egypt gains 100 VP's. Parker's Memorial (hex 44,79) is worth 5 VP's to Israel on turn one. If not captured via para drop on turn one, Egypt gets the 5 VP's on turn two. If Anglo-French airstrikes occur they have a chance to force the withdrawl of Egyptian air Squadrons. In mid July 1956, the U.S. decided to withdrawl their offer to finance Egypt's Aswan Dam project due to their growing distrust of Egypt's President Nassar. Enraged by this action, Nassar ordered the nationalization of the Suez Canal and took it away from the Suez Canal Corporation. Britain owned the majority of the corporation and their Prime Minister, Anthony Eden, vowed to get it back even if force was required. France readily agreed to assist Britain in military action due to Egypt's longtime assistance for the Algerian Nationalists who were fighting against France in Algeria. France saw it as a chance to punish Egypt for their involvement with the Nationalists. Both countries then approached Israel who quickly agreed to a secret combined plan to attack Egypt. Israel had been the target of fadayun (self-sacrificers) attacks launched from all the surounding Arab nations ever since the cease fire in 1949. These groups were primarily financed by Egypt, and had large training camps in the Gaza Strip. Israel saw an opportunity to destroy these camps and drive Egypt out of the Sinai. The plan called for Israel to launch an attack under the guise that they were forced to due to Egypts blockade of their shipping through the Suez Canal (and due to the recent Egyptian blockade of the Straits of Tiran which prevented shipping to their southern port of Eilat on the Gulf of Akaba). This was in fact true, but Israel's military action probably would not have occured without the Anglo-French assurances of military and political support. Britain and France would then issue an ultimatum after the outbreak of hostilities stating that the combatants must stop fighting or they would send a peace keeping force to "protect" the Suez Canal. The ultimatum stated that Israel must stay 10 miles east of the Canal and Egypt was to withdrawl to the west bank of the canal. In addition Egypt was to allow an Anglo-French occupation force to land and take control of Port Said, Ismailia, and Suez. Israel could readily accept the ultimatum since it allowed Isreal to achieve all its military goals. Egypt would not be willing to accept such terms though, thus guaranteeing that the Anglo-French invasion could occur. Due to political pressures against the Invasion by the U.N., Israel could not be sure that her semi-allies would go through with their end of the agreement after war started. Israel's top commander Moshe Dayan was confident of Israel's victory even if forced to fight alone, but realized there was only ammunition for about one month of fighting. If victory could not be achieved quickly and a cease fire reached, Israel faced the real danger of a protracted engagement that would sap her limited supplies. Scenario design by: James D Burns

Briefing

*** OPERATION KADESH ***

Israel's 1956 suprise invasion against Egypt in the Sinai Peninsula.

Date: Oct. 29 - Nov. 10th 1956
Location: Sinai Desert
Map scale: 2.5km per hex
Time scale: 6 hours per turn
Unit scale: I - III
Number of turns: 32 or 50
Best played as: Israel vs the PO

Unit Colors:
Israel - white on light blue
France - blue on blue
Egypt - white on tan
Palestine - blue on tan

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS:

Israel's units will be released according to General Moshe Dayan's Operation Kadesh plan which attempted to fool the Egyptians into thinking the small initial attack was just another border raid.

In the actual fight, Egypt ordered a complete withdrawl after the Anglo-French airstrikes. Instead of doing this, most Egyptian units are set to Garrison mode to simulate the shocked command structure and general unwillingness to fight. This also prevents the scenario from being too easy.

If Anglo-French forces land at Port Said on 6 Nov. 1956 first AM turn, the scenario ends.

There is a chance the Anglo-French invasion forces will withdraw early from the theatre and leave Israel alone to fight the Egyptians. If this occurs, the game ends after 50 turns, and Egyptian reinforcements will enter play.

If Israel violates the ultimatum line the scenario ends and Egypt gains 100 VP's.

Parker's Memorial (hex 44,79) is worth 5 VP's to Israel on turn one. If not captured via para drop on turn one, Egypt gets the 5 VP's on turn two.

If Anglo-French airstrikes occur they have a chance to force the withdrawl of Egyptian air Squadrons.

In mid July 1956, the U.S. decided to withdrawl their offer to finance Egypt's Aswan Dam project due to their growing distrust of Egypt's President Nassar.

Enraged by this action, Nassar ordered the nationalization of the Suez Canal and took it away from the Suez Canal Corporation. Britain owned the majority of the corporation and their Prime Minister, Anthony Eden, vowed to get it back even if force was required.

France readily agreed to assist Britain in military action due to Egypt's longtime assistance for the Algerian Nationalists who were fighting against France in Algeria. France saw it as a chance to punish Egypt for their involvement with the Nationalists.

Both countries then approached Israel who quickly agreed to a secret combined plan to attack Egypt. Israel had been the target of fadayun (self-sacrificers) attacks launched from all the surounding Arab nations ever since the cease fire in 1949. These groups were primarily financed by Egypt, and had large training camps in the Gaza Strip. Israel saw an opportunity to destroy these camps and drive Egypt out of the Sinai.

The plan called for Israel to launch an attack under the guise that they were forced to due to Egypts blockade of their shipping through the Suez Canal (and due to the recent Egyptian blockade of the Straits of Tiran which prevented shipping to their southern port of Eilat on the Gulf of Akaba). This was in fact true, but Israel's military action probably would not have occured without the Anglo-French assurances of military and political support.

Britain and France would then issue an ultimatum after the outbreak of hostilities stating that the combatants must stop fighting or they would send a peace keeping force to "protect" the Suez Canal. The ultimatum stated that Israel must stay 10 miles east of the Canal and Egypt was to withdrawl to the west bank of the canal. In addition Egypt was to allow an Anglo-French occupation force to land and take control of Port Said, Ismailia, and Suez. Israel could readily accept the ultimatum since it allowed Isreal to achieve all its military goals. Egypt would not be willing to accept such terms though, thus guaranteeing that the Anglo-French invasion could occur.

Due to political pressures against the Invasion by the U.N., Israel could not be sure that her semi-allies would go through with their end of the agreement after war started. Israel's top commander Moshe Dayan was confident of Israel's victory even if forced to fight alone, but realized there was only ammunition for about one month of fighting. If victory could not be achieved quickly and a cease fire reached, Israel faced the real danger of a protracted engagement that would sap her limited supplies.

Scenario design by: James D Burns